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springBoot整合Shiro(详细教程分析)

springBoot整合Shiro(详细教程分析)

目录

一、📢前言 

二、📝SpringBoot整合Shiro

2.1 📲导入依赖

2.2.🚩创建实体

2.3 📌配置Shiro

2.4 📌编写CustomRealm

2.5 🏮编写相关的接口

2.6🔑业务实现代码

三.🖍️测试:

四、📚参考文献


一、📢前言 

🚩1.1 什么是Shiro
Shiro是一个开源的Java安全框架,它提供了身份认证、授权、加密和会话管理等功能,可以帮助我们快速地构建安全可靠的应用程序。

🚩1.2 为什么要用Shiro
在开发Web应用程序时,安全性是一个非常重要的问题。使用Shiro可以帮助我们快速地构建安全可靠的应用程序,而且Shiro的使用非常灵活,可以根据我们的需求进行定制。

二、📝SpringBoot整合Shiro

🏘️项目结构
🍒bean
    Permissions
    Role
    User
🍒config
    shiroConfig
🍒controller
    LoginController
🍒handler
    MyExceptionHandler
🍒service
    impl
      LoginServiceImpl
    LoginService
🍒shiro
    CustomRealm

2.1 📲导入依赖

 <dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><scope>runtime</scope><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId><version>1.11.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies>
  • spring-boot-starter-web:提供Web应用程序所需的核心Spring Boot依赖项。
  • spring-boot-devtools:提供开发工具,例如自动重新加载和远程调试。
  • shiro-spring:提供Apache Shiro安全框架的Spring集成
  • spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf:提供Thymeleaf模板引擎。
  • lombok:提供Java注解,简化了Java代码的编写。
  • spring-boot-starter-test:提供Spring Boot测试框架所需的依赖项。

2.2.🚩创建实体

   2.2.1 Permissions.java

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Permissions {private String id;private String permissionsName;
}

2.2.2.Role.java

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;import java.util.Set;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Role {private String id;private String roleName;/* 角色对应权限集合*/private Set<Permissions> permissions;
}

2.2.3. User.java

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;import java.util.Set;@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public class User {private String id;private String userName;private String password;/* 用户对应的角色集合*/private Set<Role> roles;
}

2.3 📌配置Shiro

/* Created with IntelliJ IDEA. @Author: lidh* @Date: 2023/04/17/22:07* @Description:*/
@Configuration
public class shiroConfig {@Bean@ConditionalOnMissingBeanpublic DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAAP = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();defaultAAP.setProxyTargetClass(true);return defaultAAP;}//将自己的验证方式加入容器@Beanpublic CustomRealm myShiroRealm() {CustomRealm customRealm = new CustomRealm();return customRealm;}//权限管理,配置主要是Realm的管理认证@Beanpublic SecurityManager securityManager() {DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());return securityManager;}//Filter工厂,设置对应的过滤条件和跳转条件@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager) {ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();//登出map.put("/logout", "logout");//对所有用户认证
//        map.put("/index", "anon");map.put("/", "authc");//登录shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login");//首页shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/index");//错误页面,认证不通过跳转shiroFilterFactoryBean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/error");shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map);return shiroFilterFactoryBean;}@Beanpublic AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;}
}
  • @Configuration:标识该类为Java配置类。
  • defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator():配置Shiro的自动代理创建器,用于自动代理所有Advisor。
  • myShiroRealm():将自定义的Realm加入容器中,用于Shiro的认证和授权
  • securityManager():配置Shiro的安全管理器,主要是配置Realm的管理认证。
  • shiroFilterFactoryBean():配置Shiro的过滤器工厂,用于设置过滤条件和跳转条件。
  • authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor():配置Shiro的授权属性源顾问,用于获取授权信息

各个方法都使用了@Bean注解,表示将该方法返回的对象加入Spring容器中,供其他组件使用。

2.4 📌编写CustomRealm

import com.example.demo.bean.Permissions;
import com.example.demo.bean.Role;
import com.example.demo.bean.User;
import com.example.demo.service.LoginService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;/* Created with IntelliJ IDEA. @Author: lidh* @Date: 2023/04/17/22:11* @Description:*/
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {@Autowiredprivate LoginService loginService;/* @MethodName doGetAuthorizationInfo* @Description 权限配置类* @Param [principalCollection]* @Return AuthorizationInfo* @Author WangShiLin*/@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {//获取登录用户名String name = (String) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();//查询用户名称User user = loginService.getUserByName(name);//添加角色和权限SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();for (Role role : user.getRoles()) {//添加角色simpleAuthorizationInfo.addRole(role.getRoleName());//添加权限for (Permissions permissions : role.getPermissions()) {simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermission(permissions.getPermissionsName());}}return simpleAuthorizationInfo;}/* @MethodName doGetAuthenticationInfo* @Description 认证配置类* @Param [authenticationToken]* @Return AuthenticationInfo* @Author WangShiLin* @return*/@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {if (StringUtils.isEmpty((String) authenticationToken.getPrincipal())) {return null;}//获取用户信息String name = authenticationToken.getPrincipal().toString();User user = loginService.getUserByName(name);if (user == null) {//这里返回后会报出对应异常return null;} else {//这里验证authenticationToken和simpleAuthenticationInfo的信息SimpleAuthenticationInfo simpleAuthenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(name, user.getPassword().toString(), getName());return simpleAuthenticationInfo;}}
}

📊这是一个自定义的Shiro Realm类,用于实现Shiro的认证和授权。该类继承了AuthorizingRealm类,实现了doGetAuthenticationInfo()和doGetAuthorizationInfo()方法。

  • 📍doGetAuthenticationInfo()方法:用于处理Shiro的认证,验证用户的身份和凭证是否正确。
  • 📍doGetAuthorizationInfo()方法:用于处理Shiro的授权,获取用户的角色和权限信息。

该类中使用了@Autowired注解,注入了LoginService类,用于获取用户的信息。在处理认证和授权时,通过调用LoginService类中的方法获取用户的信息,并根据角色和权限信息进行认证和授权。

在处理授权时,该类使用了SimpleAuthorizationInfo类,用于添加角色和权限信息。在处理认证时,该类使用了SimpleAuthenticationInfo类,用于验证用户的身份和凭证是否正确。

2.5 🏮编写相关的接口

import com.example.demo.bean.User;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresRoles;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
@Slf4j
public class LoginController {//http://localhost:8080/login?userName=zhangsan&password=123456@GetMapping("/login")public String login(User user) {if (StringUtils.isEmpty(user.getUserName()) || StringUtils.isEmpty(user.getPassword())) {return "请输入用户名和密码!";}//用户认证信息Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();UsernamePasswordToken usernamePasswordToken = new UsernamePasswordToken(user.getUserName(),user.getPassword());try {//进行验证,这里可以捕获异常,然后返回对应信息subject.login(usernamePasswordToken);
//            subject.checkRole("admin");
//            subject.checkPermissions("query", "add");} catch (UnknownAccountException e) {log.error("用户名不存在!", e);return "用户名不存在!";} catch (AuthenticationException e) {log.error("账号或密码错误!", e);return "账号或密码错误!";} catch (AuthorizationException e) {log.error("没有权限!", e);return "没有权限";}return "login success";}@RequiresRoles("admin")@GetMapping("/admin")public String admin() {return "admin success!";}@RequiresPermissions("query")@GetMapping("/index")public String index() {return "index success!";}@RequiresPermissions("add")@GetMapping("/add")public String add() {return "add success!";}
}

2.6🔑业务实现代码

import com.example.demo.bean.User;/* Created with IntelliJ IDEA. @Author: lidh* @Date: 2023/04/17/22:09* @Description:*/
public interface LoginService {public User getUserByName(String getMapByName);
}
import com.example.demo.bean.Permissions;
import com.example.demo.bean.Role;
import com.example.demo.bean.User;
import com.example.demo.service.LoginService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;/* Created with IntelliJ IDEA. @Author: lidh* @Date: 2023/04/17/22:09* @Description:*/
@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginService {@Overridepublic User getUserByName(String getMapByName) {return getMapByName(getMapByName);}/* 模拟数据库查询 @param userName 用户名* @return User*/private User getMapByName(String userName) {Permissions permissions1 = new Permissions("1", "query");Permissions permissions2 = new Permissions("2", "add");Set<Permissions> permissionsSet = new HashSet<>();permissionsSet.add(permissions1);permissionsSet.add(permissions2);Role role = new Role("1", "admin", permissionsSet);Set<Role> roleSet = new HashSet<>();roleSet.add(role);User user = new User("1", "wsl", "123456", roleSet);Map<String, User> map = new HashMap<>();map.put(user.getUserName(), user);Set<Permissions> permissionsSet1 = new HashSet<>();permissionsSet1.add(permissions1);Role role1 = new Role("2", "user", permissionsSet1);Set<Role> roleSet1 = new HashSet<>();roleSet1.add(role1);User user1 = new User("2", "zhangsan", "123456", roleSet1);map.put(user1.getUserName(), user1);return map.get(userName);}
}

三.🖍️测试:

🔎1.测试登录:浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/login?userName=zhangsan&password=123456

完成登录。

🔎2.测试进入首页:http://localhost:8080/index

🔎3.测试换账号登录:http://localhost:8080/loginuserName=zhangsan&password=123456

四、📚参考文献

📃Apache Shiro官方文档:Apache Shiro Documentation | Apache Shiro

📃SpringBoot官方文档:Spring Boot Reference Documentation

包装材料