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Python每日一练(20230416)

Python每日一练(20230416)

目录

1. 有效数字  🌟🌟🌟

2. 二叉树的最大深度  🌟

3. 单词搜索  🌟🌟

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1. 有效数字

有效数字(按顺序)可以分成以下几个部分:

  1. 一个 小数 或者 整数
  2. (可选)一个 'e' 或 'E' ,后面跟着一个 整数

小数(按顺序)可以分成以下几个部分:

  1. (可选)一个符号字符('+' 或 '-'
  2. 下述格式之一:
    1. 至少一位数字,后面跟着一个点 '.'
    2. 至少一位数字,后面跟着一个点 '.' ,后面再跟着至少一位数字
    3. 一个点 '.' ,后面跟着至少一位数字

整数(按顺序)可以分成以下几个部分:

  1. (可选)一个符号字符('+' 或 '-'
  2. 至少一位数字

部分有效数字列举如下:

  • ["2", "0089", "-0.1", "+3.14", "4.", "-.9", "2e10", "-90E3", "3e+7", "+6e-1", "53.5e93", "-123.456e789"]

部分无效数字列举如下:

  • ["abc", "1a", "1e", "e3", "99e2.5", "--6", "-+3", "95a54e53"]

给你一个字符串 s ,如果 s 是一个 有效数字 ,请返回 true 。

示例 1:

输入:s = "0"
输出:true

示例 2:

输入:s = "e"
输出:false

示例 3:

输入:s = "."
输出:false

示例 4:

输入:s = ".1"
输出:true

提示:

  • 1 <= s.length <= 20
  • s 仅含英文字母(大写和小写),数字(0-9),加号 '+' ,减号 '-' ,或者点 '.' 。

以下程序实现了这一功能,请你填补空白处内容:

```python
class Solution(object):
    def isNumber(self, s):
        s = s.strip()
        ls, pos = len(s), 0
        if ls == 0:
            return False
        if s[pos] == '+' or s[pos] == '-':
            pos += 1
        isNumeric = False
        while pos < ls and s[pos].isdigit():
            pos += 1
            isNumeric = True
        _____________________________;
        elif pos < ls and s[pos] == 'e' and isNumeric:
            isNumeric = False
            pos += 1
            if pos < ls and (s[pos] == '+' or s[pos] == '-'):
                pos += 1
            while pos < ls and s[pos].isdigit():
                pos += 1
                isNumeric = True
        if pos == ls and isNumeric:
            return True
        return False
# %%
s = Solution()
print(s.isNumber(s = "0"))
```

出处:

https://edu.csdn.net/practice/25740860

代码:

class Solution(object):def isNumber(self, s):s = s.strip()ls, pos = len(s), 0if ls == 0:return Falseif s[pos] == '+' or s[pos] == '-':pos += 1isNumeric = Falsewhile pos < ls and s[pos].isdigit():pos += 1isNumeric = Trueif pos < ls and s[pos] == '.':pos += 1while pos < ls and s[pos].isdigit():pos += 1isNumeric = Trueelif pos < ls and s[pos] == 'e' and isNumeric:isNumeric = Falsepos += 1if pos < ls and (s[pos] == '+' or s[pos] == '-'):pos += 1while pos < ls and s[pos].isdigit():pos += 1isNumeric = Trueif pos == ls and isNumeric:return Truereturn False
# %%
s = Solution()
print(s.isNumber(s = "0"))
print(s.isNumber(s = "e"))
print(s.isNumber(s = "."))
print(s.isNumber(s = ".1"))

输出:

True
False
False
True


2. 二叉树的最大深度

给定一个二叉树,找出其最大深度。

二叉树的深度为根节点到最远叶子节点的最长路径上的节点数。

说明: 叶子节点是指没有子节点的节点。

示例:
给定二叉树 [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]

     3/ \\9  20/  \\
15   7

返回它的最大深度 3 。

出处:

https://edu.csdn.net/practice/25740861

代码:

class TreeNode:def __init__(self, x):self.val = xself.left = Noneself.right = Nonedef listToTree(lst: list) -> TreeNode:if not lst:return Noneroot = TreeNode(lst[0])queue = [root]i = 1while i < len(lst):node = queue.pop(0)if lst[i] is not None:node.left = TreeNode(lst[i])queue.append(node.left)i += 1if i < len(lst) and lst[i] is not None:node.right = TreeNode(lst[i])queue.append(node.right)i += 1return rootclass Solution:def maxDepth(self, root: TreeNode) -> int:if root is None:return 0maxdepth = max(self.maxDepth(root.left),self.maxDepth(root.right)) + 1return maxdepth
# %%
s = Solution()
null = None
nums = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
root = listToTree(nums)
print(s.maxDepth(root))

输出:

3

代码2:DFS

class TreeNode:def __init__(self, x):self.val = xself.left = Noneself.right = Nonedef listToTree(lst: list) -> TreeNode:if not lst:return Noneroot = TreeNode(lst[0])queue = [root]i = 1while i < len(lst):node = queue.pop(0)if lst[i] is not None:node.left = TreeNode(lst[i])queue.append(node.left)i += 1if i < len(lst) and lst[i] is not None:node.right = TreeNode(lst[i])queue.append(node.right)i += 1return rootclass Solution:def maxDepth(self, root: TreeNode):if not root:return 0depth = []def dfs(node, nodes=[]):if not node:returnnodes.append(node.val)if node.left or node.right:dfs(node.left, nodes)dfs(node.right, nodes)else:depth.append(len(nodes))nodes.pop()dfs(root)return max(depth)
# %%
s = Solution()
null = None
nums = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
root = listToTree(nums)
print(s.maxDepth(root))

3. 单词搜索

给定一个 m x n 二维字符网格 board 和一个字符串单词 word 。如果 word 存在于网格中,返回 true ;否则,返回 false 。

单词必须按照字母顺序,通过相邻的单元格内的字母构成,其中“相邻”单元格是那些水平相邻或垂直相邻的单元格。同一个单元格内的字母不允许被重复使用。

示例 1:

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "ABCCED"
输出:true

示例 2:

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "SEE"
输出:true

示例 3:

输入:board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "ABCB"
输出:false

提示:

  • m == board.length
  • n = board[i].length
  • 1 <= m, n <= 6
  • 1 <= word.length <= 15
  • board 和 word 仅由大小写英文字母组成

进阶:你可以使用搜索剪枝的技术来优化解决方案,使其在 board 更大的情况下可以更快解决问题?

出处:

https://edu.csdn.net/practice/25740862

代码:

class Solution(object):def exist(self, board, word):""":type board: List[List[str]]:type word: str:rtype: bool"""check_board = [[True] * len(board[0]) for _ in range(len(board))]for i in range(len(board)):for j in range(len(board[0])):if board[i][j] == word[0] and check_board:check_board[i][j] = Falseres = self.check_exist(check_board, board, word, 1, len(word), i, j)if res:return Truecheck_board[i][j] = Truereturn Falsedef check_exist(self, check_board, board, word, index, ls, row, col):if index == ls:return Truefor temp in [(0, 1),(0, -1),(1, 0),(-1, 0)]:curr_row = row + temp[0]curr_col = col + temp[1]if curr_row >= 0 and curr_row < len(board) and curr_col >= 0 and curr_col < len(board[0]):if check_board[curr_row][curr_col] and board[curr_row][curr_col] == word[index]:check_board[curr_row][curr_col] = Falseres = self.check_exist(check_board, board, word, index + 1, len(word), curr_row, curr_col)if res:return rescheck_board[curr_row][curr_col] = Truereturn False
if __name__ == "__main__":s = Solution()print (s.exist(board = [["A","B","C","E"],["S","F","C","S"],["A","D","E","E"]], word = "ABCCED"))

输出:

True


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