可别再用BeanUtils了(性能拉胯),试试这款转换神器
老铁们是不是经常为写一些实体转换的原始代码感到头疼,尤其是实体字段特别多的时候。有的人会说,我直接使用get/set方法。没错,get/set方法的确可以解决,而且也是性能较高的处理方法,但是大家有没有想过,要是转换的实体字段比较多,那么get/set方法的代码量是非常恐怖的;有人会说,用自带的BeanUtils工具类,但在属性拷贝的过程中,会遇到类型转换异常,或是影响性能等等问题。所以,我把自己项目中使用的这款转换神器分享出来。BeanUtils属性复制
之前对各种属性映射工具的性能进行了简单的对比,结果如下:
先贴下官网地址吧:https://mapstruct.org/
一、pom 配置
<!-- 属性设置 --><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><mybatisPlus.version>3.5.3.1</mybatisPlus.version><lombok.version>1.18.26</lombok.version><mysql.version>8.0.30</mysql.version><alibaba.druid.version>1.2.4</alibaba.druid.version><thymeleaf.version>3.0.15.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version><spring4.version>3.0.12.RELEASE</spring4.version><mapstruct.version>1.5.3.Final</mapstruct.version></properties><!-- 依赖关系 --><dependencies><!-- springmvc --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- 测试test --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency><!-- jpa(持久层) --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency><!--mybatis-plus依赖--><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>${mybatisPlus.version}</version></dependency><!--lombok依赖--><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>${lombok.version}</version></dependency><!-- mysql(数据库) --><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>${mysql.version}</version></dependency><!-- alibaba数据库连接池 --><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>${alibaba.druid.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId><version>${thymeleaf.version}</version></dependency><!-- Spring 4集成包(这可能是Spring应用程序所需的一切)--><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId><version>${spring4.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><!-- 属性转换 --><dependency><groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId><artifactId>mapstruct</artifactId><version>${mapstruct.version}</version></dependency><!-- idea 2018.1.1 之前的版本需要添加下面的配置,后期的版本就不需要了,可以注释掉,我自己用的2022.2.3 --><!-- <dependency>--><!-- <groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId>--><!-- <artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId>--><!-- <version>${org.mapstruct.version}</version>--><!-- <scope>provided</scope>--><!-- </dependency>--></dependencies><!-- 编译插件 --><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><configuration><includeSystemScope>true</includeSystemScope></configuration></plugin><!-- 原有工具自带的编译器时无法生成实现类,需要maven 的方式来进行编译,才会生成属性转换的实现类。需添加以下依赖 --><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><configuration><source>${java.version}</source><target>${java.version}</target><annotationProcessorPaths><!-- lombok的依赖位置一定放在mapstruct之前 否则转换后的对象获取不到属性值 --><path><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>${lombok.version}</version></path><path><groupId>org.mapstruct</groupId><artifactId>mapstruct-processor</artifactId><version>${mapstruct.version}</version></path></annotationProcessorPaths></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>
PS:lombok和mapstruct的版本兼容问题(可以直接使用上面pom里的版本)
1、maven插件要使用3.6.0版本以上;
2、lombok使用1.16.16版本以上;
3、另外编译的lombok和mapstruct的插件不要忘了加上。否则会出现下面的错误:No property named "aaa" exists in source parameter(s). Did you mean "null"?
二、转换实体类
⑴.源实体1:
package com.*;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.util.Date;/* 学生*/
@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Student {/* ID*/private Long userId;/* 姓名*/private String name;/* 年龄*/private Integer age;/* 手机号*/private String phone;/* 性别(1男 2女)*/private Integer sex;/* 生日*/private String birthday;/* 创建时间*/private Date createTime;}
⑵.源实体2:
package com.*;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;/* 课程*/
@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Course {/* 课程ID*/private Long courseId;/* 课程名称*/private String courseName;/* 序号*/private Integer sortNo;}
⑶.目标实体1:
package com.*;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;import java.util.Date;/* 学生Vo*/
@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class StudentVo {/*用户ID */private Long userId;/* 姓名*/private String name;/* 年龄*/private Integer age;/* 手机号*/private String phone;/* 性别(1男 2女)*/private Integer gender;/* 生日*/private String birthday;/* 创建时间*/private Date createTime;}
⑷.目标实体2:
package com.*;import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;/* 学生课程Vo*/
@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class StudentCourseVo {/* 学生姓名*/private String name;/* 年龄*/private Integer age;/* 性别(1男 2女)*/private String gender;/* 生日*/private String birthday;/* 课程名称*/private String course;}
⑸.转换Mapper接口:(编译完成后会自动生成相应的实现类)
package com.*;import com.test.java.domain.entity.Course;
import com.test.java.domain.entity.Student;
import com.test.java.domain.vo.StudentCourseVo;
import com.test.java.domain.vo.StudentVo;
import org.mapstruct.Mapper;
import org.mapstruct.Mapping;
import org.mapstruct.factory.Mappers;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;/* 转换mapper*/
@Mapper
public interface StudentWrapper {StudentWrapper INSTANCE = Mappers.getMapper(StudentWrapper.class);// 转换一:实体转实体@Mapping(target = "userId", ignore = true)@Mapping(source = "sex", target = "gender")@Mapping(target = "createTime", expression = "java(new java.util.Date())")@Mapping(source = "name", target = "name", defaultValue = "张三")StudentVo convertVo(Student student);// 转换二:list转listList<StudentVo> convertList(List<Student> list);// 转换三:多对象转换一个对象@Mapping(source = "student.sex", target = "gender")@Mapping(source = "course.courseName", target = "course")StudentCourseVo convertTo(Student student, Course course);}
现在就可以直接使用mapper接口进行属性转换了,以下举例有三种转换用法:
1、转换一:对象转对象
2、转换二:集合转集合
3、转换三:多个对象转单一对象
public static void main(String[] args) {// 转换一Student student = Student.builder().userId(100L).age(18).phone("13012345678").sex(1).birthday("01-01").build();StudentVo convertVo = StudentWrapper.INSTANCE.convertVo(student);System.out.println("转换一、实体转实体:" + convertVo);// 转换二Student student1 = Student.builder().userId(1L).name("张三").age(18).phone("13012345678").sex(1).birthday("01-01").createTime(new Date()).build();Student student2 = Student.builder().userId(2L).name("李四").age(20).phone("15026668652").sex(2).birthday("05-01").createTime(new Date()).build();List<Student> list = new ArrayList<>();list.add(student1);list.add(student2);List<StudentVo> convertList = StudentWrapper.INSTANCE.convertList(list);System.out.println("转换二、list转list:" + convertList);// 转换三Student student3 = Student.builder().name("小明").age(18).phone("13512365568").sex(1).birthday("05-06").createTime(new Date()).build();Course course = Course.builder().courseName("《Java从入门到放弃》").sortNo(1).build();StudentCourseVo convertTo = StudentWrapper.INSTANCE.convertTo(student3, course);System.out.println("转换三、多对象转换一个对象:" + convertTo);}
转换结果:
三、特殊处理
mapper转换接口中,还可以进行字段映射,改变字段类型,指定格式化、赋予默认值、过滤不需要转换的字段、自定义转换等方式,包括一些日期的默认处理,只需在@Mapping注解中添加相应参数即可,如下:
- 字段映射
@Mapping(source = "sex", target = "gender")StudentVo convertVo(Student student);
source:代表源字段;
target:代表目标字段;
- 日期格式化
@Mapping(source = "createTime",target = "createTime",dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")StudentVo convertVo(Student student);
- 默认值
@Mapping(source = "name", target = "name", defaultValue = "张三")StudentVo convertVo(Student student);
defaultValue:转换时,赋予默认值;
- 过滤不需要转换的字段
@Mapping(target = "userId", ignore = true)StudentVo convertVo(Student student);
ignore:默认为false,不过滤;
- 自定义转换
@Mapping(target = "createTime", expression = "java(new java.util.Date())")StudentVo convertVo(Student student);
expression:自定义转换规则,当前案例是createTime字段获取当前系统时间
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