检测并打印C++编译器支持的feature（附Visual Studio 2022和gcc-12测试、对比结果）
C++标准快速迭代，不同的系统平台和编译器对C++各种新功能的支持不同，通过这个程序可以测试所用编译器对各个版本C++的支持情况。另一方面，可以在代码中通过这些宏针对不同版本编写不同的代码分支。
源码下面附上Visual Studio 2022的测试结果，基本上在2021年中就把C++23（当时还是草案）大部分功能都支持了。
测试代码
测试代码引用网址：https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/feature_test
#if __cplusplus < 201100
# error "C++11 or better is required"
#endif#include <algorithm>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>#ifdef __has_include
# if __has_include(<version>)
# include <version>
# endif
#endif#define COMPILER_FEATURE_VALUE(value) #value
#define COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(name) { #name, COMPILER_FEATURE_VALUE(name) },#ifdef __has_cpp_attribute
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_AS_STRING(s) #s
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_AS_NUMBER(x) COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_AS_STRING(x)
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(attr) \\{ #attr, COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_AS_NUMBER(__has_cpp_attribute(attr)) },
#else
# define COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(attr) { #attr, "_" },
#endif// 更改这些选项以仅打印所需的信息。
static struct PrintOptions {constexpr static bool titles = 1;constexpr static bool attributes = 1;constexpr static bool general_features = 1;constexpr static bool core_features = 1;constexpr static bool lib_features = 1;constexpr static bool supported_features = 1;constexpr static bool unsupported_features = 1;constexpr static bool sorted_by_value = 0;constexpr static bool cxx11 = 1;constexpr static bool cxx14 = 1;constexpr static bool cxx17 = 1;constexpr static bool cxx20 = 1;constexpr static bool cxx23 = 1;
} print;struct CompilerFeature {CompilerFeature(const char* name = nullptr, const char* value = nullptr): name(name), value(value) {}const char* name; const char* value;
};static CompilerFeature cxx[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cplusplus)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_exceptions)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_rtti)
#if 0COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC_MINOR__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__GNUG__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_major__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_minor__)
COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__clang_patchlevel__)
#endif
};
static CompilerFeature cxx11[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_alias_templates)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_attributes)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_decltype)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_delegating_constructors)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inheriting_constructors)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_initializer_lists)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lambdas)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nsdmi)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_range_based_for)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_raw_strings)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_ref_qualifiers)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_rvalue_references)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_static_assert)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_threadsafe_static_init)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_unicode_characters)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_unicode_literals)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_user_defined_literals)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variadic_templates)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx14[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_binary_literals)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_decltype_auto)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_generic_lambdas)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_init_captures)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_return_type_deduction)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_sized_deallocation)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variable_templates)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx14lib[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono_udls)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_complex_udls)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_exchange_function)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integer_sequence)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_final)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_unique)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_null_iterators)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_udls)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transparent_operators)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type)
};static CompilerFeature cxx17[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_bases)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aligned_new)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_capture_star_this)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_deduction_guides)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_enumerator_attributes)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_fold_expressions)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_hex_float)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_if_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inheriting_constructors)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_inline_variables)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_namespace_attributes)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_noexcept_function_type)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_args)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_range_based_for)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_static_assert)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_structured_bindings)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_template_template_args)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_variadic_using)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx17lib[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_any)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_apply)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_array_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_as_const)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bool_constant)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_byte)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_clamp)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_execution)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_filesystem)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_hypot)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_invoke)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_aggregate)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_invocable)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_swappable)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_launder)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_logical_traits)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_math_special_functions)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_memory_resource)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_node_extract)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_not_fn)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_optional)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_sample)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_scoped_lock)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_mutex)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_view)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_chars)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_transparent_operators)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_variant)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_void_t)
};static CompilerFeature cxx20[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_aggregate_paren_init)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_char8_t)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_concepts)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_conditional_explicit)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_consteval)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_constinit)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_deduction_guides)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_designated_initializers)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_generic_lambdas)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_coroutine)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_destroying_delete)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_init_captures)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_modules)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_nontype_template_args)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_using_enum)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx20lib[] = {COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_array_constexpr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_assume_aligned)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_float)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_ref)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_atomic_wait)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_barrier)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bind_front)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bit_cast)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bitops)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_char8_t)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_chrono)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_concepts)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_coroutine)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_destroying_delete)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_endian)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_erase_if)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_execution)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_format)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_int_pow2)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_interpolate)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_jthread)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_latch)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_math_constants)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_ranges)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_remove_cvref)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_semaphore)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_shift)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_source_location)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_span)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_ssize)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_view)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_syncbuf)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_address)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_array)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_type_identity)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref)
};static CompilerFeature cxx23[] = {
//< 继续填充COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_if_consteval)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_size_t_suffix)
};
static CompilerFeature cxx23lib[] = {
//< 继续填充COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_invoke_r)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_stacktrace)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_string_contains)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_to_underlying)COMPILER_FEATURE_ENTRY(__cpp_lib_variant)
};static CompilerFeature attributes[] = {COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(carries_dependency)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(deprecated)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(fallthrough)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(likely)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(maybe_unused)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(nodiscard)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(noreturn)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(no_unique_address)COMPILER_ATTRIBUTE_ENTRY(unlikely)
};constexpr bool is_feature_supported(const CompilerFeature& x) {return x.value[0] != '_' && x.value[0] != '0' ;
}inline void print_compiler_feature(const CompilerFeature& x) {constexpr static int max_name_length = 44; //< Update if necessarystd::string value{ is_feature_supported(x) ? x.value : "------" };if (value.back() == 'L') value.pop_back(); //~ 201603L -> 201603// value.insert(4, 1, '-'); //~ 201603 -> 2016-03if ( (print.supported_features && is_feature_supported(x))or (print.unsupported_features && !is_feature_supported(x))) {std::cout << std::left << std::setw(max_name_length)<< x.name << " " << value << '\\n';}
}template<std::size_t N>
inline void show(char const* title, CompilerFeature (&features)[N]) {if (print.titles) {std::cout << '\\n' << std::left << title << '\\n';}if (print.sorted_by_value) {std::sort(std::begin(features), std::end(features),[](CompilerFeature const& lhs, CompilerFeature const& rhs) {return std::strcmp(lhs.value, rhs.value) < 0;});}for (const CompilerFeature& x : features) {print_compiler_feature(x);}
}int main() {if (print.general_features) show("C++ GENERAL", cxx);if (print.cxx11 && print.core_features) show("C++11 CORE", cxx11);if (print.cxx14 && print.core_features) show("C++14 CORE", cxx14);if (print.cxx14 && print.lib_features ) show("C++14 LIB" , cxx14lib);if (print.cxx17 && print.core_features) show("C++17 CORE", cxx17);if (print.cxx17 && print.lib_features ) show("C++17 LIB" , cxx17lib);if (print.cxx20 && print.core_features) show("C++20 CORE", cxx20);if (print.cxx20 && print.lib_features ) show("C++20 LIB" , cxx20lib);if (print.cxx23 && print.core_features) show("C++23 CORE", cxx23);if (print.cxx23 && print.lib_features ) show("C++23 LIB" , cxx23lib);if (print.attributes) show("ATTRIBUTES", attributes);
}
测试结果
1) Visual Studio 2022
以下是Visual Studio 2022的测试结果，支持的feature比较全。
-
需要在项目属性中选择最新的C++版本。需要选择“预览”选项，C++23的feature才会支持。
-
vs编译器中__cplusplus对应值是199711，测试程序开头（前3行）的监测不能通过，可以注释掉或者修改第一行的数值。
gcc或者clang都没可以直接测试通过。 -
测试结果中显示对标准中attributes支持不好，在代码中实际测试大部分attributes都是支持的。
可能是对测试宏的检测方式不兼容，这个问题抽空调查一下（todo）。
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 199711
__cpp_exceptions 199711
__cpp_rtti 199711C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates 200704
__cpp_attributes 200809
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_decltype 200707
__cpp_delegating_constructors 200604
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_initializer_lists 200806
__cpp_lambdas 200907
__cpp_nsdmi 200809
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_raw_strings 200710
__cpp_ref_qualifiers 200710
__cpp_rvalue_references 200610
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init 200806
__cpp_unicode_characters 200704
__cpp_unicode_literals 200710
__cpp_user_defined_literals 200809
__cpp_variadic_templates 200704C++14 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi 201304
__cpp_binary_literals 201304
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_decltype_auto 201304
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_return_type_deduction 201304
__cpp_sized_deallocation 201309
__cpp_variable_templates 201304C++14 LIB
__cpp_lib_chrono_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
__cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304
__cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable 201304
__cpp_lib_is_final 201402
__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer 201309
__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator 201402
__cpp_lib_make_unique 201304
__cpp_lib_null_iterators 201304
__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io 201304
__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae 201210
__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops 201304
__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex 201402
__cpp_lib_string_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases 201304
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402
__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304C++17 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_bases 201603
__cpp_aligned_new 201606
__cpp_capture_star_this 201603
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_enumerator_attributes 201411
__cpp_fold_expressions 201603
__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision 201606
__cpp_hex_float 201603
__cpp_if_constexpr 201606
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_inline_variables 201606
__cpp_namespace_attributes 201411
__cpp_noexcept_function_type 201510
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto 201606
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_structured_bindings 201606
__cpp_template_template_args 201611
__cpp_variadic_using 201611C++17 LIB
__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr 201603
__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal 201411
__cpp_lib_any 201606
__cpp_lib_apply 201603
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_as_const 201510
__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free 201603
__cpp_lib_bool_constant 201505
__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher 201603
__cpp_lib_byte 201603
__cpp_lib_chrono 201907
__cpp_lib_clamp 201603
__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this 201603
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_filesystem 201703
__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm 201606
__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size 201703
__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations 201606
__cpp_lib_hypot 201603
__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements 201505
__cpp_lib_invoke 201411
__cpp_lib_is_aggregate 201703
__cpp_lib_is_invocable 201703
__cpp_lib_is_swappable 201603
__cpp_lib_launder 201606
__cpp_lib_logical_traits 201510
__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple 201606
__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_math_special_functions 201603
__cpp_lib_memory_resource 201603
__cpp_lib_node_extract 201606
__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access 201411
__cpp_lib_not_fn 201603
__cpp_lib_optional 202110
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 201603
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms 201606
__cpp_lib_sample 201603
__cpp_lib_scoped_lock 201703
__cpp_lib_shared_mutex 201505
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type 201606
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_to_chars 201611
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates 201510
__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions 201411
__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
__cpp_lib_void_t 201411C++20 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_paren_init 201902
__cpp_char8_t 202207
__cpp_concepts 202002
__cpp_conditional_explicit 201806
__cpp_consteval 201811
__cpp_constexpr 202002
__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype ------
__cpp_constinit 201907
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_designated_initializers 201707
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_impl_coroutine 201902
__cpp_impl_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_modules 201907
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_using_enum 201907C++20 LIB
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_assume_aligned 201811
__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_float 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_ref 201806
__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization 201911
__cpp_lib_atomic_wait 201907
__cpp_lib_barrier 201907
__cpp_lib_bind_front 201907
__cpp_lib_bit_cast 201806
__cpp_lib_bitops 201907
__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits 201902
__cpp_lib_char8_t 201907
__cpp_lib_chrono 201907
__cpp_lib_concepts 202002
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms 201806
__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex 201711
__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory 202202
__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric 201911
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector 201907
__cpp_lib_coroutine 201902
__cpp_lib_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_lib_endian 201907
__cpp_lib_erase_if 202002
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_format 202207
__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup 201811
__cpp_lib_int_pow2 202002
__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions 202002
__cpp_lib_interpolate 201902
__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated 201811
__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible 201907
__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible 201806
__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible 201907
__cpp_lib_jthread 201911
__cpp_lib_latch 201907
__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type 201806
__cpp_lib_math_constants 201907
__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator 201902
__cpp_lib_ranges 202207
__cpp_lib_remove_cvref 201711
__cpp_lib_semaphore 201907
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shift 202202
__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite 202002
__cpp_lib_source_location 201907
__cpp_lib_span 202002
__cpp_lib_ssize 201902
__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with 201711
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_syncbuf 201803
__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_lib_to_address 201711
__cpp_lib_to_array 201907
__cpp_lib_type_identity 201806
__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref 201811C++23 CORE
__cpp_if_consteval ------
__cpp_size_t_suffix ------C++23 LIB
__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo 202106
__cpp_lib_invoke_r 202106
__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum 202011
__cpp_lib_stacktrace 202011
__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h 202011
__cpp_lib_string_contains 202011
__cpp_lib_to_underlying 202102
__cpp_lib_variant 202106ATTRIBUTES
carries_dependency ------
deprecated ------
fallthrough ------
likely ------
maybe_unused ------
nodiscard ------
noreturn ------
no_unique_address ------
unlikely ------
2) g++ -12 (on Ubuntu 22.04)
以下是gcc的测试结果。从结果看对C++的支持也比较全面，和vs2022对比有少量差异。最后附上一个二者的对比。
- 编译时需要通过参数（–std）指定C++版本：
$ g++-12 -std=c++23 main.cpp -o main
- Ubuntu 22.04上默认是g++ -11，升级成g++ -12后进行测试（有少量更新）。
C++ GENERAL
__cplusplus 202100
__cpp_exceptions 199711
__cpp_rtti 199711C++11 CORE
__cpp_alias_templates 200704
__cpp_attributes 200809
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_decltype 200707
__cpp_delegating_constructors 200604
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_initializer_lists 200806
__cpp_lambdas 200907
__cpp_nsdmi 200809
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_raw_strings 200710
__cpp_ref_qualifiers 200710
__cpp_rvalue_references 200610
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_threadsafe_static_init 200806
__cpp_unicode_characters 201411
__cpp_unicode_literals 200710
__cpp_user_defined_literals 200809
__cpp_variadic_templates 200704C++14 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_nsdmi 201304
__cpp_binary_literals 201304
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_decltype_auto 201304
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_return_type_deduction 201304
__cpp_sized_deallocation 201309
__cpp_variable_templates 201304C++14 LIB
__cpp_lib_chrono_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_complex_udls 201309
__cpp_lib_exchange_function 201304
__cpp_lib_generic_associative_lookup 201304
__cpp_lib_integer_sequence 201304
__cpp_lib_integral_constant_callable 201304
__cpp_lib_is_final 201402
__cpp_lib_is_null_pointer 201309
__cpp_lib_make_reverse_iterator 201402
__cpp_lib_make_unique 201304
__cpp_lib_null_iterators 201304
__cpp_lib_quoted_string_io 201304
__cpp_lib_result_of_sfinae 201210
__cpp_lib_robust_nonmodifying_seq_ops 201304
__cpp_lib_shared_timed_mutex 201402
__cpp_lib_string_udls 201304
__cpp_lib_transformation_trait_aliases 201304
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_tuple_element_t 201402
__cpp_lib_tuples_by_type 201304C++17 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_bases 201603
__cpp_aligned_new 201606
__cpp_capture_star_this 201603
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_enumerator_attributes 201411
__cpp_fold_expressions 201603
__cpp_guaranteed_copy_elision 201606
__cpp_hex_float 201603
__cpp_if_constexpr 201606
__cpp_inheriting_constructors 201511
__cpp_inline_variables 201606
__cpp_namespace_attributes 201411
__cpp_noexcept_function_type 201510
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_nontype_template_parameter_auto 201606
__cpp_range_based_for 201603
__cpp_static_assert 201411
__cpp_structured_bindings 201606
__cpp_template_template_args 201611
__cpp_variadic_using 201611C++17 LIB
__cpp_lib_addressof_constexpr 201603
__cpp_lib_allocator_traits_is_always_equal 201411
__cpp_lib_any 201606
__cpp_lib_apply 201603
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_as_const 201510
__cpp_lib_atomic_is_always_lock_free 201603
__cpp_lib_bool_constant 201505
__cpp_lib_boyer_moore_searcher 201603
__cpp_lib_byte 201603
__cpp_lib_chrono 201611
__cpp_lib_clamp 201603
__cpp_lib_enable_shared_from_this 201603
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_filesystem 201703
__cpp_lib_gcd_lcm 201606
__cpp_lib_hardware_interference_size 201703
__cpp_lib_has_unique_object_representations 201606
__cpp_lib_hypot 201603
__cpp_lib_incomplete_container_elements 201505
__cpp_lib_invoke 201411
__cpp_lib_is_aggregate 201703
__cpp_lib_is_invocable 201703
__cpp_lib_is_swappable 201603
__cpp_lib_launder 201606
__cpp_lib_logical_traits 201510
__cpp_lib_make_from_tuple 201606
__cpp_lib_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_math_special_functions 201603
__cpp_lib_memory_resource 201603
__cpp_lib_node_extract 201606
__cpp_lib_nonmember_container_access 201411
__cpp_lib_not_fn 201603
__cpp_lib_optional 202110
__cpp_lib_parallel_algorithm 201603
__cpp_lib_raw_memory_algorithms 201606
__cpp_lib_sample 201603
__cpp_lib_scoped_lock 201703
__cpp_lib_shared_mutex 201505
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_weak_type 201606
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_to_chars 201611
__cpp_lib_transparent_operators 201510
__cpp_lib_type_trait_variable_templates 201510
__cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions 201411
__cpp_lib_unordered_map_try_emplace 201411
__cpp_lib_variant 202106
__cpp_lib_void_t 201411C++20 CORE
__cpp_aggregate_paren_init 201902
__cpp_char8_t 201811
__cpp_concepts 202002
__cpp_conditional_explicit 201806
__cpp_consteval 201811
__cpp_constexpr 202110
__cpp_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_constexpr_in_decltype 201711
__cpp_constinit 201907
__cpp_deduction_guides 201907
__cpp_designated_initializers 201707
__cpp_generic_lambdas 201707
__cpp_impl_coroutine 201902
__cpp_impl_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_impl_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_init_captures 201803
__cpp_modules ------
__cpp_nontype_template_args 201911
__cpp_using_enum 201907C++20 LIB
__cpp_lib_array_constexpr 201811
__cpp_lib_assume_aligned 201811
__cpp_lib_atomic_flag_test 201907
__cpp_lib_atomic_float 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_lock_free_type_aliases ------
__cpp_lib_atomic_ref 201806
__cpp_lib_atomic_shared_ptr 201711
__cpp_lib_atomic_value_initialization 201911
__cpp_lib_atomic_wait 201907
__cpp_lib_barrier 201907
__cpp_lib_bind_front 201907
__cpp_lib_bit_cast 201806
__cpp_lib_bitops 201907
__cpp_lib_bounded_array_traits 201902
__cpp_lib_char8_t 201907
__cpp_lib_chrono 201611
__cpp_lib_concepts 202002
__cpp_lib_constexpr_algorithms 201806
__cpp_lib_constexpr_complex 201711
__cpp_lib_constexpr_dynamic_alloc 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_functional 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_iterator 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_memory 202202
__cpp_lib_constexpr_numeric 201911
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string 201907
__cpp_lib_constexpr_string_view 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_tuple 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_utility 201811
__cpp_lib_constexpr_vector 201907
__cpp_lib_coroutine 201902
__cpp_lib_destroying_delete 201806
__cpp_lib_endian 201907
__cpp_lib_erase_if 202002
__cpp_lib_execution 201902
__cpp_lib_format ------
__cpp_lib_generic_unordered_lookup 201811
__cpp_lib_int_pow2 202002
__cpp_lib_integer_comparison_functions 202002
__cpp_lib_interpolate 201902
__cpp_lib_is_constant_evaluated 201811
__cpp_lib_is_layout_compatible 201907
__cpp_lib_is_nothrow_convertible 201806
__cpp_lib_is_pointer_interconvertible 201907
__cpp_lib_jthread 201911
__cpp_lib_latch 201907
__cpp_lib_list_remove_return_type 201806
__cpp_lib_math_constants 201907
__cpp_lib_polymorphic_allocator 201902
__cpp_lib_ranges 202110
__cpp_lib_remove_cvref 201711
__cpp_lib_semaphore 201907
__cpp_lib_shared_ptr_arrays 201707
__cpp_lib_shift 201806
__cpp_lib_smart_ptr_for_overwrite 202002
__cpp_lib_source_location 201907
__cpp_lib_span 202002
__cpp_lib_ssize 201902
__cpp_lib_starts_ends_with 201711
__cpp_lib_string_view 201803
__cpp_lib_syncbuf 201803
__cpp_lib_three_way_comparison 201907
__cpp_lib_to_address 201711
__cpp_lib_to_array 201907
__cpp_lib_type_identity 201806
__cpp_lib_unwrap_ref 201811C++23 CORE
__cpp_if_consteval 202106
__cpp_size_t_suffix 202011C++23 LIB
__cpp_lib_constexpr_typeinfo 202106
__cpp_lib_invoke_r 202106
__cpp_lib_is_scoped_enum 202011
__cpp_lib_stacktrace ------
__cpp_lib_stdatomic_h 202011
__cpp_lib_string_contains 202011
__cpp_lib_to_underlying 202102
__cpp_lib_variant 202106ATTRIBUTES
carries_dependency ------
deprecated 201309
fallthrough 201603
likely 201803
maybe_unused 201603
nodiscard 201907
noreturn 200809
no_unique_address 201803
unlikely 201803
3) Visual Studio 2022 vs. g++ -12
