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springboot-分页功能

springboot-分页功能

1.分页功能的作用

分页功能作为各类网站和系统不可或缺的部分(例如百度搜索结果的分页等)
,当一个页面数据量大的时候分页作用就体现出来的,其作用有以下5个。
(1)减少系统资源的消耗
(2)提高数据库的查询性能
(3)提升页面的访问速度
(4)符合用户的浏览习惯
(5)适配页面的排版

2.建立测试数据库

由于需要实现分页功能,所需的数据较多

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS tb_user;CREATE TABLE tb_user (id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键id',name varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '登录名',password varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',PRIMARY KEY (id) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8;insert into tb_user (id,name,password)
value (1,'C','123456'),
(2,'C++','123456'),
(3,'Java','123456'),
(4,'Python','123456'),
(5,'R','123456'),
(6,'C#','123456');insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (7,'test1','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (8,'test2','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (9,'test3','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (10,'test4','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (11,'test5','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (12,'test6','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (13,'test7','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (14,'test8','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (15,'test9','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (16,'test10','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (17,'test11','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (18,'test12','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (19,'test13','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (20,'test14','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (21,'test15','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (22,'test16','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (23,'test17','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (24,'test18','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (25,'test19','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (26,'test20','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (27,'test21','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (28,'test22','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (29,'test23','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (30,'test24','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (31,'test25','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (32,'test26','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (33,'test27','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (34,'test28','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (35,'test29','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (36,'test30','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (37,'test31','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (38,'test32','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (39,'test33','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (40,'test34','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (41,'test35','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (42,'test36','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (43,'test37','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (44,'test38','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (45,'test39','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (46,'test40','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (47,'test41','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (48,'test42','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (49,'test43','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (50,'test44','123456');
insert into tb_user (id,name,password) value (51,'test45','123456');

3.分页功能返回的结果封装

新建一个util包并在包中新建Result通用结果类,代码如下:

package ltd.newbee.mall.entity;public class User {private Integer id;private String name;private String password;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}
}

后端接口返回的数据会根据以上格式进行数据封装,包括业务码、返回信息、实际的数据结果。这个格式是开发人员自行设置的,如果有其他更好的方案也可以进行适当的调整。

在util包中新建PageResult通用结果类,代码如下:

package ltd.newbee.mall.util;import java.util.List;/* 分页工具类*/
public class PageResult {//总记录数private int totalCount;//每页记录数private int pageSize;//总页数private int totalPage;//当前页数private int currPage;//列表数据private List<?> list;/ @param totalCount 总记录数* @param pageSize 每页记录数* @param currPage 当前页数* @param list 列表数据*/public PageResult(int totalCount, int pageSize, int currPage, List<?> list) {this.totalCount = totalCount;this.pageSize = pageSize;this.currPage = currPage;this.list = list;this.totalPage = (int) Math.ceil((double) totalCount / pageSize);}public int getTotalCount() {return totalCount;}public void setTotalCount(int totalCount) {this.totalCount = totalCount;}public int getPageSize() {return pageSize;}public void setPageSize(int pageSize) {this.pageSize = pageSize;}public int getTotalPage() {return totalPage;}public void setTotalPage(int totalPage) {this.totalPage = totalPage;}public int getCurrPage() {return currPage;}public void setCurrPage(int currPage) {this.currPage = currPage;}public List<?> getList() {return list;}public void setList(List<?> list) {this.list = list;}
}

4.分页功能代码具体实现

4.1数据层

在UserDao接口中新增两个方法findUsers()和getTotalUser(),代码如下所示:

/* 返回分页数据列表* * @param pageUtil* @return*/List<User> findUsers(PageQueryUtil pageUtil);/* 返回数据总数* * @param pageUtil* @return*/int getTotalUser(PageQueryUtil pageUtil);

在UserMapper.xml文件中新增这两个方法的映射语句,代码如下所示:

<!--分页--><!--查询用户列表--><select id="findUsers" parameterType="Map" resultMap="UserResult">select id,name,password from tb_userorder by id desc<if test="start!=null and limit!=null">limit #{start}.#{limit}</if></select><!--查询用户总数--><select id="getTotalUser" parameterType="Map" resultType="int">select count(*) from tb_user</select>

4.2业务层

新建service包,并新增业务类UserService,代码如下所示:

import ltd.newbee.mall.dao.UserDao;
import ltd.newbee.mall.entity.User;
import ltd.newbee.mall.util.PageResult;
import ltd.newbee.mall.util.PageQueryUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.List;@Service
public class UserService {@Autowiredprivate UserDao userDao;public PageResult getUserPage(PageQueryUtil pageUtil){//当前页面中的数据列表List<User> users = userDao.findUsers(pageUtil);//数据总条数,用于计算分页数据int total = userDao.getTotalUser(pageUtil);//分页信息封装PageResult pageResult = new PageResult(users,total,pageUtil.getLimit(),pageUtil.getPage());return pageResult;}
}

首先根据当前页面和每页条数查询当前页的数据集合,然后调用select count(*)语句查询数据的总条数用于计算分页数据,最后将获取的数据封装到PageResult对象中并返回给控制层。

4.3控制层

在controller包中新建PageTestController类,用于实现分页请求的处理并返回查询结果,代码如下所示:

@RestController
@RequestMapping("users")
public class PageTestController {@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;//分页功能测试@RequestMapping(value = "/list",method = RequestMethod.GET)public Result list(@RequestParam Map<String,Object> params){Result result = new Result();if (StringUtils.isEmpty(params.get("page"))||StringUtils.isEmpty(params.get("limit"))){//返回错误码result.setResultCode(500);//错误信息result.setMessage("参数异常!");return result;}//封装查询参数PageQueryUtil queryParamList = new PageQueryUtil(params);//查询并封装分页结果集PageResult userPage = userService.getUserPage(queryParamList);//返回成功码result.setResultCode(200);result.setMessage("查询成功");//返回分页数据result.setData(userPage);return result;}
}

分页功能的交互流程:前端将所需页码和条数参数传输给后端,后端在接收分页请求后对分页参数进行计算,并利用MySQL的limit关键字查询对应的记录,在查询结果被封装后返回给前端。在TestUserControler类上使用的是@RestController注解,该注解相当于@ResponseBody+@Controller的组合注解。

5.jqGrid分页插件

jqGrid是一个用来显示网格数据的jQuery插件。开发人员通过使用jqGrid可以轻松实现前端页面与后台数据的Ajax异步通信并实现分页功能。同时,jqGrid是一款代码开源的分页插件,源码也一直处于迭代更新的状态中。
下载地址:jqGrid
下载jqGrid后解压文件,将解压的文件直接拖进项目的static目录下
springboot-分页功能
以下是jqGrid实现分页的步骤:
首先,在前端页面代码中引入jqGrid分页插件所需的源文件,代码如下所示:

<link href="plugins/jqgrid-5.8.2/ui.jqgrid-bootstrap4.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
<!--jqGrid依赖jQuery,因此需要先引入jquery.min.js文件,下方地址为字节跳动提供的cdn地址-->
<script src="http://s3.pstatp.com/cdn/expire-1-M/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!--grid.locale-cn.js为国际化所需的文件,-cn表示中文-->
<script src="plugins/jqgrid-5.8.2/grid.locale-cn.js"></script>
<script src="plugins/jqgrid-5.8.2/jquery.jqGrid.min.js"></script>

其次,在页面中需要展示分页数据的区域添加用于jqGrid初始化的代码:

<!--jqGrid必要DOM,用于创建表格展示列表数据-->
<table id="jqGrid" class="table table-bordered"></table><!--jqGrid必要DOM,分页信息区域-->
<div id="jqGridPager"></div>

最后,调用jqGrid分页插件的jqGrid()方法渲染分页展示区域,代码如下所示:
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jqGrid()方法中的参数及含义如图所示。
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jqGrid前端页面测试:
在resources/static目中新建jqgrid-page-test.html文件,代码如下所示:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>jqGrid分页测试</title><!--引入bootstrap样式文件--><link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/bootstrap-5.3.0-alpha3-dist/css/bootstrap.css"/><link href="jqGrid-5.8.2/css/ui.jqgrid-bootstrap4.css" rel="stylesheet"/>
</head>
<body>
<div style="margin: 24px;"><!--数据展示列表,id为jqGrid--><table id="jqGrid" class="table table-bordered"></table><!--分页按钮展示区--><div id="jqGridPager"></div>
</div>
</body>
<!--jqGrid依赖jQuery,因此需要先引入jquery.min.js文件,下方地址为字节跳动提供的cdn地址-->
<script src="http://s3.pstatp.com/cdn/expire-1-M/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<!--grid.locale-cn.js为国际化所需的文件,-cn表示中文-->
<script src="plugins/jqgrid-5.8.2/grid.locale-cn.js"></script>
<script src="plugins/jqgrid-5.8.2/jquery.jqGrid.min.js"></script>
<script src="jqgrid-page-test.js"></script>
</html>

jqGrid初始化
在resources/static目录下新建jqgrid-page-test.js文件,代码如下所示:

$(function () {$("#jqGrid").jqGrid({url: 'users/list',datatype: "json",colModel: [{label: 'id',name: 'id', index: 'id', width: 50, hidden: true,key:true},{label: '登录名',name: 'name',index: 'name', sortable: false, width: 80},{label: '密码字段',name: 'password',index: 'password', sortable: false, width: 80}],height: 485,rowNum: 10,rowList: [10,30,50],styleUI: 'Bootstrap',loadtext: '信息读取中...',rownumbers: true,rownumWidth: 35,autowidth: true,multiselect: true,pager: "#jqGridPager",jsonReader:{root: "data.list",page: "data.currPage",total: "data.totalCount"},prmNames:{page: "page",rows: "limit",order: "order"},gridComplete: function () {//隐藏grid底部滚动条$("#jqGrid").closest(".ui-jqgrid-bdiv").css({"overflow-x": "hidden"});}});$(window).resize(function () {$("jqGrid").setGridWidth($(".card-body").width());});
});