Homebrew

假设你没有安装Homebrew，那么就执行：

/bin/bash -c “$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)”

安装Python

执行命令：

yutao@MacBook-Pro Homebrew % brew install Python

可以看到，最后报错了，原因就是我的Homnebrew，需要更新下：

执行命令：

cd "$(brew --repo)" && git fetch && git reset --hard origin/master && brew update

需要等待挺长时间，等它更新完。

然后再次执行brew install Python
然后我们会看到如下日志，日志省略了~

... ...
Python has been installed as/usr/local/bin/python3Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into/usr/local/opt/python@3.11/libexec/binYou can install Python packages withpip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packagestkinter is no longer included with this formula, but it is available separately:brew install python-tk@3.11gdbm (`dbm.gnu`) is no longer included in this formula, but it is available separately:brew install python-gdbm@3.11
`dbm.ndbm` changed database backends in Homebrew Python 3.11.
If you need to read a database from a previous Homebrew Python created via `dbm.ndbm`,
you'll need to read your database using the older version of Homebrew Python and convert to another format.
`dbm` still defaults to `dbm.gnu` when it is installed.For more information about Homebrew and Python, see: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python

分析1：

Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into/usr/local/opt/python@3.11/libexec/bin

这句话的意思，就是，如果你想要命令 python 启动 python3 、命令pip 启动 pip3，你需要把 /usr/local/opt/python@3.11/libexec/bin 放在你的 PATH 的开头。

我的是：

在终端执行命令：vim ~/.bash_profile
添加：

export PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.11/libexec/bin:$PATH"

分析2：

You can install Python packages withpip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages

这句话的意思就是，在使用命令pip3安装的包，存放的目录，在/usr/local/lib/python3.11/site-packages中。

分析3：

tkinter is no longer included with this formula, but it is available separately:brew install python-tk@3.11gdbm (`dbm.gnu`) is no longer included in this formula, but it is available separately:brew install python-gdbm@3.11

这句话的意思是，tkinter 不再包含在formula中，但是可以独立使用它，brew install python-tk@3.11。
同理gdbm，也是一样的。

分析4：

If you need to read a database from a previous Homebrew Python created via `dbm.ndbm`,
you'll need to read your database using the older version of Homebrew Python and convert to another format.
`dbm` still defaults to `dbm.gnu` when it is installed.# 机器翻译
`dbm.ndbm` 在 Homebrew Python 3.11 中更改了数据库后端。如果您需要从之前通过 dbm.ndbm 创建的 Homebrew Python 读取数据库，
您需要使用旧版本的 Homebrew Python 读取您的数据库并转换为另一种格式。
`dbm` 在安装时仍然默认为 `dbm.gnu`。

总结

为了更好的管理，最好使用 Homebrew来安装，也就是执行brew install Python

参考地址：

How to Update Python on Mac Terminal