Ubuntu22.04部署Kubernetes集群（亲测可用）
本文将使用kubeadm在Ubuntu22.04上部署k8s集群，kubeadm 是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes 集群的工具，用于快速部署Kubernetes 集群。
虚拟机准备
下载ubuntu22.04镜像，使用vmware部署三台ubuntu22.04虚拟机并配置静态ip和主机名，节点配置如下：
主节点 ：192.168.0.151 master
从节点1：192.168.0.152 node1
从节点2：192.168.0.153 node2
虚拟机设置
-
修改为阿里云镜像源
参考文章ubuntu修改apt为国内镜像源设置下面的
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse更新系统软件
sudo apt update sudo apt upgradesudo apt update sudo apt upgrade -
安装net-tools(如果未安装，用不了ifconfig命令)
sudo apt install net-tools -
配置静态ip
参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43347021/article/details/129303786
-
设置hosts
方便节点之间相互访问，在每个节点上执行
vim /etc/hosts命令，增加下面内容192.168.0.151 node1 192.168.0.152 node2 192.168.0.153 node3 -
修改主机名
参考链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43347021/article/details/129304674
-
关闭selinux
selinux，这个是用来加强安全性的一个组件，但非常容易出错且难以定位，一般上来装完系统就先给禁用了（我安装ubuntu没有自带这个功能模块，不用管它）
sestatus # 查看 sudo nano /etc/selinux/config # 修改配置 SELINUX=disabled reboot -
关闭防火墙
iptables防火墙，会对所有网络流量进行过滤、转发，如果是内网机器一般都会直接关闭，省的影响网络性能，但k8s不能直接关了，k8s是需要用防火墙做ip转发和修改的，当然也看使用的网络模式，如果采用的网络模式不需要防火墙也是可以直接关闭的
sudo ufw disable # 关闭防火墙 sudo ufw status # 查看状态，inactive 表示已关闭 -
禁用swap
当内存不足时，linux会自动使用swap，将部分内存数据存放到磁盘中，这个这样会使性能下降，为了性能考虑推荐关掉
## 关闭交换空间 sudo swapoff -a # 永久禁用。-i 插入修改模式，g 标识符表示全局查找替换,表示注释掉swap的那一行。 sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/^(.*)$/#1/g' /etc/fstab # 查看禁用状态 free -h -
进行一些内核配置
# Ubuntu安全软件的限制，可能导致节点处于notReady状态，所以需要关闭 # 停止安全应用 apparmor systemctl stop apparmor # 禁用安全限制 systemctl disable apparmor# 添加系统配置 sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/kubernetes.conf<<EOF net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 EOF# 重新加载 sysctl sudo sysctl --system
安装docker
sudo apt install docker.io
安装 Kubeadm
设置镜像源地址
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/ kubernetes-xenial main
执行更新
apt-get update
报错NO_PUBKEY
将上面红框里的字符串复制替换下面命令中的recv-keys 参数并执行
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys B53DC80D13EDEF05
再次更新
apt-get update
安装
apt-cache madison kubelet # 查看可安装版本
sudo apt install -y kubelet=1.23.6-00 kubeadm=1.23.6-00 kubectl=1.23.6-00
主节点初始化
查看所需镜像
kubeadm config images list
拉取镜像
kubeadm config images pull --image-repository=registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
初始化
kubeadm init \\
--image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers \\
--kubernetes-version=v1.23.6 \\
--service-cidr=10.96.0.0/12 \\
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16
从加入主节点
查询加入节点的命令，在master上执行
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
配置网络
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yaml
kube-flannel.yaml文件如下：
vim kube-flannel.yaml
---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:name: kube-flannellabels:pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:- ""resources:- podsverbs:- get
- apiGroups:- ""resources:- nodesverbs:- get- list- watch
- apiGroups:- ""resources:- nodes/statusverbs:- patch
- apiGroups:- "networking.k8s.io"resources:- clustercidrsverbs:- list- watch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:name: flannel
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: flannelnamespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: flannelnamespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:name: kube-flannel-cfgnamespace: kube-flannellabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
data:cni-conf.json: |{"name": "cbr0","cniVersion": "0.3.1","plugins": [{"type": "flannel","delegate": {"hairpinMode": true,"isDefaultGateway": true}},{"type": "portmap","capabilities": {"portMappings": true}}]}net-conf.json: |{"Network": "10.244.0.0/16","Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:name: kube-flannel-dsnamespace: kube-flannellabels:tier: nodeapp: flannel
spec:selector:matchLabels:app: flanneltemplate:metadata:labels:tier: nodeapp: flannelspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: kubernetes.io/osoperator: Invalues:- linuxhostNetwork: truepriorityClassName: system-node-criticaltolerations:- operator: Existseffect: NoScheduleserviceAccountName: flannelinitContainers:- name: install-cni-pluginimage: docker.io/flannel/flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2#image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.2command:- cpargs:- -f- /flannel- /opt/cni/bin/flannelvolumeMounts:- name: cni-pluginmountPath: /opt/cni/bin- name: install-cniimage: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.21.4#image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.21.4command:- cpargs:- -f- /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json- /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflistvolumeMounts:- name: cnimountPath: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/containers:- name: kube-flannelimage: docker.io/flannel/flannel:v0.21.4#image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.21.4command:- /opt/bin/flanneldargs:- --ip-masq- --kube-subnet-mgrresources:requests:cpu: "100m"memory: "50Mi"securityContext:privileged: falsecapabilities:add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]env:- name: POD_NAMEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.name- name: POD_NAMESPACEvalueFrom:fieldRef:fieldPath: metadata.namespace- name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTHvalue: "5000"volumeMounts:- name: runmountPath: /run/flannel- name: flannel-cfgmountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/- name: xtables-lockmountPath: /run/xtables.lockvolumes:- name: runhostPath:path: /run/flannel- name: cni-pluginhostPath:path: /opt/cni/bin- name: cnihostPath:path: /etc/cni/net.d- name: flannel-cfgconfigMap:name: kube-flannel-cfg- name: xtables-lockhostPath:path: /run/xtables.locktype: FileOrCreate
结束
执行上kubectl get nodes命令，status状态为Ready表示成功
