C++期末考试程序分析题30道，超全面、详细

今天备考C++，看到了一些好的复习资料，整合一起给大家分享一下

1. 下面程序的运行结果是____

   #include

   using namespace std;

   class Base

{public:

Base(){ cout << “0”; }

};

Class Base1: virtual Base

{public:

Base1(){ cout << “1”; }

};

Class Base2: virtual Base

{public:

Base2(){ cout << “2”; }

};

class Derived: public Base1, public Base2

{public:

Derived(){ cout << “3”; }

};

void main()

{ Derived obj;

}

A. 0123 B. 3120 C. 0312 D. 3012

答案：A

2. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

int i = 0;

void fun()

{

   {static int i = 1;std::cout << i++ << ',';}std::cout << i << ',';

}

int main()

{

fun();    fun();return 0;

}

答案：1,0,2,0,

3. 下列程序中画线处应填如的语句是____

   class Base

{public:

void fun(){ cout << “Base of fun” << endl; }

};

class Derived: public Base

{public:

void fun()

{

  ______ //调用基类的成员函数fun()cout << "Derived of fun" << endl;

}

};

A. fun(); B. Base.fun();

C. Base::fun(); D. Base->fun() ;

答案：C

4. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Base

{public:

int x;

void Print(){ cout << "Base::x is " << x << endl; }

};

class Derived1: public Base

{public:

void Print()

{ cout << "Derived1::x is " << x << endl;

}

};

class Derived2: private Base

{public:

Derived2(){ Base::x = 4; }

int x;

void Print()

{ cout << "Derived2’s Base::x is " << Base::x << endl;

cout << "Derived2::x is " << x << endl;

}

};

void main()

{ Base objB;

Derived1 objD1;

Derived2 objD2;

objD2.x = 1 + (objD1.x = 1 + (objB.x = 1));

objB.Print();

objD1.Print();

objD2.Print();

}

答案：Base::x is 1

       Derived1::x is 2Derived2’s Base::x is 4Derived2::x is 3

5. 写出程序运行结果

   #include

   using namespace std;

   class A

{public:

A(){ cout << "constructor of A" << endl; }~A(){ cout << "destructor of A" << endl; }

};

class B

{public:

B(){ cout << "constructor of B" << endl; }~B(){ cout << "destructor of B" << endl; }

};

int main()

{ B b;

static A a;

}

答案：constructor of B

       constructor of Aconstructor of Bconstructor of A

6. 写出程序运行结果

   #include

   using namespace std;

   class Coord

{public:

Coord(int i = 0, int j = 0){ x = i; y = j; }

void Print(){ cout << “x=” << x << “, y=” << y << endl; }

friend Coord operator++(Coord op);

private:

int x, y;

};

Coord operator ++(Coord op)

{ ++op.x;

++op.y;

return op;

}

void main()

{ Coord obj(1, 2);

obj.Print();

++obj;

obj.Print();

}

答案：x = 1, y = 2

       x = 1, y = 2

7. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Expt{};

class Expt1: public Expt{

public: Expt1() { cout<<“Expt1 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

Expt1(Expt1 & e) {cout<<“Expt1 的拷贝构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

~Expt1() { cout<<“Expt1 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl; }

};

class Expt2: public Expt1 {

public: Expt2() { cout<<“Expt2 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

Expt2(Expt2 & e) { cout<<“Expt2 的拷贝构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

~Expt2() { cout<<“Expt2 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl; }

};

void MyFunc() { Expt1 e; throw e; }

void main() {

try  {cout << "在try块中，调用MyFunc()。" << endl;MyFunc();cout << "在try块中，MyFunc()执行结束。" << endl;}catch( Expt E )    {  cout << "捕获到Expt类型异常。"<<endl; }

catch( Expt2 E ) { cout << “捕获到Expt2类型异常。”<<endl; }

cout << "回到main函数。" << endl;

}

答案：在try块中，调用MyFunc()。

       Expt1 的构造函数被调用。Expt1 的拷贝构造函数被调用。Expt1 的析构函数被调用。捕获到Expt类型异常。Expt1 的析构函数被调用。回到main函数。

8. 下面的程序有什么错误？

   class MyClass

{

public:

void MyClass(int a){ x = a; }int f(int a, int b){ x = a; y = b; }int f(int a, int b, int c = 0){ x = a; y = b; z = c; }static void g(){ x = 10; };

private:

int x, y, z;

};

答案：构造函数不能有返回值和返回值类型；静态函数g不能直接访问非静态数据成员x。

9. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Shape{

public:

Shape() { cout<<“Shape 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

void Display() { cout<<“Shape 的显示函数被调用。”<<endl; }

virtual ~Shape() { cout<<“Shape 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl; }

};

class Rectangle: public Shape {

public: Rectangle () {

Side=Hight=0;

cout<<“Rectangle 的默认构造函数被调用。”<<endl;

}

        Rectangle(int xx,int yy)   {

Side=xx; Hight=yy;

cout<< “Rectangle 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl;

}

        void Display() {

cout<<" Rectangle 的边长和高为：“<<Side<<”,"<<Hight<<endl;

}

~Rectangle()   {    cout<<"Rectangle 的析构函数被调用。"<<endl;   }int GetSide() {return Side;}int GetHight() {return Hight;}

private:

   int  Side, Hight;

};

void main()

{

 Shape *ptr1 = new Rectangle[2];(*(ptr1+1)).Display();

delete [] ptr1;

}

答案：Shape的构造函数被调用。

       Rectangle的默认构造函数被调用。Shape的构造函数被调用。Rectangle的默认构造函数被调用。Shape的显示函数被调用。Rectangle的析构函数被调用。Shape的析构函数被调用。Rectangle的析构函数被调用。Shape的析构函数被调用。

10. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

template

class Sample

{private:

T n;

public:

Sample(T i){ n = i; }

void operator++();

void disp(){ cout << "n = " << n << endl; }

};

template

void Sample::operator++()

{ n += 1;

}

void main()

{ Sample s(‘a’);

s++;

s.disp();

}

答案：n = b

11. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

char* increase(char* ch) {return ++ch;}

char& increase(char& ch) {return ++ch;}

int main(){

char buf[16] = “IloveC++!”;

char* p = buf;

for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {

p = increase§;

increase(*p);

}

cout << buf << endl;

return 0;

}

答案：ImpwfC++!

12. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Sample

{

public:

int x, y;Sample(int a = 0, int b = 0){ x = a; y = b; }friend void square_x(Sample &s){ s.x = s.x * s.x; }void disp(){ cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl; }

};

void main()

{

Sample s(2, 3);square_x(s);s.disp();

}

答案：x = 4, y = 3

13. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class A

{

int num;

public:

A(int i){ num = i; }A(A &a){ num = a.num++; }void print(){ cout << num; }

};

void main()

{

A a(1), b(a);a.print();b.print();

}

答案：21

14. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Base

{public:

  int n;Base(int x){ n = x; }virtual void set(int m){ n = m; cout << n << ' '; }

};

class DerivedA: public Base

{public:

DerivedA(int x): Base(x){ }

void set(int m){ n += m; cout << n << ’ '; }

};

class DerivedB: public Base

{public:

DerivedB(int x): Base(x){ }

void set(int m){ n += m; cout << n << ’ '; }

};

int main()

{ DerivedA da(1);

DerivedB db(3);

Base * pBase;

pBase = &da;

pBase->set(1);

pBase = &db;

pBase->set(2);

}

答案：2 5

15. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std ;

class Base

{public:

virtual void fun(int a) { cout << "Base: " << a << endl; }

void fun(char *p) { cout << "Base: " << p << endl; }

void fun() { cout << “Base: no parameter!” << endl; }

};

class Derived: public Base

{public:

void fun(int a) { cout << “Derived:” << a << endl; }

void fun(char *p) { cout << “Derived:” << p << endl; }

};

void main()

{ Derived* pd = new Derived;

Base *pb = pd;

pb->fun(); pb->fun(0); pb->fun(“c++”);

pd->fun(1); pd->fun(“object”);

}

答案：Base: no parameter!

       Derived:0Base: c++Derived:1Derived:object

16. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Sample

{

public:

int x, y;Sample(int a = 0, int b = 0){ x = a; y = b; }~Sample(){ cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl; }

};

void main()

{

Sample s;s.~Sample();

}

答案：x = 0, y = 0

       x = 0, y = 0

17. 写出程序运行结果

#include

Using namespace std;

class First

{protected:

int first;

public:

First(int f = 0){ first = f; }

void show(){ cout << first << endl; }

};

class Second: public First

{private:

int second;

public:

Second(int f, int s): First(f), second(s) { }

void show(){ cout << first << " " << second << endl; }

};

int main()

{

Second s(5, 3);

s.show();

}

A. 5 3 B. 3 C. 5 D. 3 5

答案：A

18. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Base

{int n;

public:

  Base(int a){  cout << "constructing base class" << endl;n = a;cout << "n = " << n << endl;}~Base(){ cout << "destructing base class" << endl; }

};

class Derived: public Base

{ Base base;

  int m;

public:

  Derived(int a, int b, int c) : Base(a), base(c){  cout << "constructing derived class" << endl;m = b;cout << "m = " << m << endl;

}

  ~Derived(){ cout << "destructing derived class" << endl; }

};

void main(){ Derived d(1, 2, 3); }

答案：constructing base class

       n = 1constructing base classn = 3constructing derived classm = 2destructing derived classdestructing base classdestructing base class

19. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class B1 {

public: B1(int i) {cout<<“B1 的构造函数被调用:”<<i<<endl;}

~B1() {cout<<“B1 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl;}

};

class B2 {

public: B2(int j) {cout<<“B2 的构造函数被调用:”<<j<<endl;}

~B2() {cout<<“B2 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl;}

};

class C: public B2, public B1 {

public:

C(int a, int b, int c, int d):B1(a),memberB2(d),memberB1©,B2(b) {

cout<<“C 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl;

}

~C() { cout<<“C 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl;}

private:

B1 memberB1; B2 memberB2;

};

void main(){

C obj(1,2,3,4);

}

答案：B2的构造函数被调用：2

       B1的构造函数被调用：1B1的构造函数被调用：3B2的构造函数被调用：4C的构造函数被调用。C的析构函数被调用。B2的析构函数被调用。B1的析构函数被调用。B1的析构函数被调用。B2的析构函数被调用。

20. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

void func(int a)

{

static int m = 0;m += a;cout << m << " ";

}

void main()

{

int k = 6;func(k);func(k);cout << endl;

}

答案：6 12

21. 下面程序的输出是____

#include

using namespace std;

class Sample

{

public:

int x, y;Sample(int a = 0, int b = 0){ x = a; y = b; }~Sample(){ cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl; }

};

void main()

{

Sample s;exit(0);

}

答案：（不输出）

22. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class point {

protected:

int x, y;

public:

point(int xx, int yy) {

x = xx, y = yy;

cout << "construct point: " << x << “,” << y << endl;

}

~point() { cout << “destroy point” << endl;}

};

class circle {

protected:

point center;

int radius;

public:

circle(int x, int y, int r):center(x, y),radius® {

cout << "construct circle: " << radius << endl;

}

~circle(){ cout << "destroy circle " << endl;}

};

int main() {

circle c(1,2,3);

return 0;

}

答案：construct point:1,2

       construct circle:3destroy circledestroy point

23. 下面程序的执行结果是：

#include

using namespace std;

class Sample

{ int x;

public:

Sample(int a){  x = a;cout << "constructing object: x = " << x << endl;}

};

void fun(int n)

{ static Sample obj(n);

}

void main()

{ fun(1); fun(10);

}

答案：constructing object: x = 1

24. 下面程序的执行结果是____

#include

using namespace std;

class Sample

{

public:

int x, y;void disp(){ cout << "x = " << x << ", y = " << y << endl; }

};

void main()

{

int Sample::*pc;Sample s;pc = &Sample::x;s.*pc = 10;pc = &Sample::y;s.*pc = 20;s.disp();

}

答案：x = 10, y = 20

25. 有以下程序：

#include

using namespace std;

class MyClass

{

public:

   MyClass(int n){ number = n; }MyClass(MyClass & other){ number = other.number; }~MyClass(){}

private:

   int number;

};

MyClass fun(MyClass p)

{

   MyClass temp(p);return temp;

}

int main()

{

   MyClass obj1(10), obj2(0);MyClass obj3(obj1);obj2 = fun(obj3);return 0;

}

程序执行时，MyClass的拷贝构造函数被调用了几次？

答案：4次

26. 有以下定义：

class Point

{

public:

Point(int x = 0, int y = 0){ _x = x; _y = y; }void Move(int xOff, int yOff){ _x += xOff; _y += yOff; }void Print() const{ cout << '(' << _x << ',' << _y << ')' << endl; }

private:

int _x, _y;

};

下列语句中会发生编译错误的是____

A. Point pt; pt.Print();

B. const Point pt; pt.Print();

C. Point pt; pt.Move(1, 2);

D. const Point pt; pt.Move(1, 2);

答案：D

27. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

char *x[] = {“first”, “second”, “third”};

void fun(char *z[])

{

cout << *++z << endl;

}

int main()

{

char **y;y = x;fun(y);return 0;

}

答案：second

28. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class counter {

protected:

static int count;

int id;

public:

counter() {

id = ++ count;

cout << "id = " << id << ", count = " << count << endl;

}

};

int counter::count = 0;

static counter c[3];

int main() {

cout << “initialize program” << endl;

return 0;

}

答案：id=1,count=1

       id=2,count=2id=3,count=3initialize program

29. 写出程序运行结果

#include

using namespace std;

class Expt{};

class Expt1: public Expt{

public: Expt1() { cout<<“Expt1 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

Expt1(Expt1 & e) {cout<<“Expt1 的拷贝构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

~Expt1() { cout<<“Expt1 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl; }

};

class Expt2: public Expt1 {

public: Expt2() { cout<<“Expt2 的构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

Expt2(Expt2 & e) { cout<<“Expt2 的拷贝构造函数被调用。”<<endl; }

~Expt2() { cout<<“Expt2 的析构函数被调用。”<<endl; }

};

void MyFunc() { Expt1 e; throw e; }

void main() {

try  {cout << "在try块中，调用MyFunc()。" << endl;MyFunc();cout << "在try块中，MyFunc()执行结束。" << endl;}catch( Expt E )    {  cout << "捕获到Expt类型异常。"<<endl; }

catch( Expt2 E ) { cout << “捕获到Expt2类型异常。”<<endl; }

cout << "回到main函数。" << endl;

}

答案：在try块中，调用MyFunc()。

       Expt1 的构造函数被调用。Expt1 的拷贝构造函数被调用。Expt1 的析构函数被调用。捕获到Expt类型异常。Expt1 的析构函数被调用。回到main函数。

30. 有如下动态数组模板类Array的声明，请在空格处填入最合适的内容。

(1)

class Array

{protected:

int size;               //动态数组的长度(2)  elements;        //动态数组的首地址

public：

Array(int i);(3)  ~Array();        //析构函数Array( (4)  a);        //拷贝构造函数(5)  operator[](int index);   //重载下标运算符(6)  ostream & operator <<(ostream &o, Array & a);

};

(1) 空格(1)处应该填写 【 】

A. virtual B. template C. void D. class

(2) 空格(2)处应该填写 【 】

A. T * B. T C. int * D. int

(3) 空格(3)处应该填写 【 】

A. void B. int C. virtual D. template

(4) 空格(4)处应该填写 【 】

A. Array B. Array * C. Array & D. const Array &

(5) 空格(5)处应该填写 【 】

A. T B. T * C. T & D. void

(6) 空格(6)处应该填写 【 】

A. friend B. const C. virtual D. void

答案：B A C D C A
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_63947712/article/details/128336468