第一部分：C#中生成和解析Xml

1. 相关说明和解释

命名空间：using System.Xml;
程序集：  System.Xml（在 System.Xml.dll 中）。涉及到的类和方法：XmlDeclaration 类：表示 XML 声明节点：<?xml version='1.0'...?>，XML文件第一行。XmlDocument 类：表示 XML 文档。 可使用此类在文档中加载、验证、编辑、添加和放置 XML。CreateElement 方法 (String, String, String)：创建具有指定 Prefix、LocalName 和 NamespaceURI 的元素。Prefix：新元素的前缀（如果有的话）。LocalName：新元素的本地名称。NamespaceURI：新元素的命名空间 URI（如果有的话）。XmlElement 类：表示元素。XmlNode 类：表示 XML 文档中的单个节点。AppendChild方法：将指定的节点添加到该节点的子节点列表的末尾。SelectSingleNode方法：选择第一个 XmlNode ，与 XPath 表达式匹配。

2. 生成Xml

2-1 Xml样例

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<Gen><Zi name="博客园" age="26"><title>C#从入门到放弃</title><unit>第一讲，如何放弃</unit><fm>123.06兆赫</fm></Zi>
</Gen>

2-2 C#生成上述2-1的Xml

//创建XmlDocument对象
XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
//XML的声明<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?> 
XmlDeclaration xmlSM = xmlDoc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "UTF-8", null);//追加xmldecl位置
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xmlSM);//添加一个名为Gen的根节点
XmlElement xml = xmlDoc.CreateElement("", "Gen", "");
//追加Gen的根节点位置
xmlDoc.AppendChild(xml);
//添加另一个节点,与Gen所匹配，查找<Gen>
XmlNode gen = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("Gen");
//添加一个名为<Zi>的节点   
XmlElement zi = xmlDoc.CreateElement("Zi");
//为<Zi>节点的属性
zi.SetAttribute("name", "博客园");
zi.SetAttribute("age", "26"); 
XmlElement x1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("title");
//InnerText:获取或设置节点及其所有子节点的串连值
x1.InnerText = "C#从入门到放弃";
zi.AppendChild(x1);//添加到<Zi>节点中
XmlElement x2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("unit");
x2.InnerText = "第一讲，如何放弃";
zi.AppendChild(x2);
XmlElement x3 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("fm");
x3.InnerText = "123.06兆赫";
zi.AppendChild(x3);
gen.AppendChild(zi);//添加到<Gen>节点中   
//保存好创建的XML文档
xmlDoc.Save("D:/data.xml");    

3. 解析Xml

3-1 Xml样例

<checkResult><item><fmId>XX0001</fmId><fmItemId>20000RT</fmItemId><checkRuleId>4C6A0458-29B4-4CE6-B38C-38CDEE3CD3C2</checkRuleId><isAcct>不影响</isAcct><soluation>不需要方案，因为不涉及</soluation><evaluate>注意，这是一条评论</evaluate></item><item><fmId>XX0002</fmId><fmItemId>20000RT</fmItemId><checkRuleId>A4C12D83-DC18-427D-839F-7DB68EF730BF</checkRuleId><isAcct>影响</isAcct><soluation>方案还在拟定当中，请注意节奏</soluation><evaluate>It is a evaluate</evaluate></item>
</checkResult>

3-2 C#解析上述3-1的Xml

3-2-1 创建实体类 ==> DizCheckResult

public class DizCheckResult{public string fmId { get; set; }public string fmItemId { get; set; }public string checkRuleId { get; set; }public string isAcct { get; set; }public string soluation { get; set; }public string evaluate { get; set; }}

3-3-3 解析

public static List<DizCheckResult> GetCheckResultList()
{List<DizCheckResult> tmpList = new List<DizCheckResult>();XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();xmlDoc.Load(@"f:\\myproject\\x.xml");//XmlNodeList nodelist = xmlDoc.GetElementsByTagName("checkResult/item");XmlNodeList nodelist = xmlDoc.SelectNodes("checkResult/item");foreach(XmlNode node in nodelist){DizCheckResult entity = new DizCheckResult();entity.fmId = HttpUtility.HtmlEncode(node["fmId"].InnerText);entity.fmItemId = HttpUtility.HtmlEncode(node["fmItemId"].InnerText);entity.checkRuleId = node["checkRuleId"].InnerText;entity.isAcct = node["isAcct"].InnerText;entity.soluation = node["soluation"].InnerText;entity.evaluate = node["evaluate"].InnerText;tmpList.Add(entity);}return tmpList;
}

第二部分：C#中实体类与XML相互转换

1. 工具类XmlSerializeHelper

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;/// <summary>
/// XML序列化公共处理类
/// </summary>
public static class XmlSerializeHelper
{/// <summary>/// 将实体对象转换成XML/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">实体类型</typeparam>/// <param name="obj">实体对象</param>public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T obj){try{using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter()){Type t = obj.GetType();XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());serializer.Serialize(sw, obj);sw.Close();return sw.ToString();}}catch (Exception ex){throw new Exception("将实体对象转换成XML异常", ex);}}/// <summary>/// 将XML转换成实体对象/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">实体类型</typeparam>/// <param name="strXML">XML</param>public static T DESerializer<T>(string strXML) where T : class{try{using (StringReader sr = new StringReader(strXML)){XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));return serializer.Deserialize(sr) as T;}}catch (Exception ex){throw new Exception("将XML转换成实体对象异常", ex);}}
}

2. 创建用户信息类，供后续测试用

/// <summary>
/// 用户信息类
/// </summary>
public class UserInfo
{/// <summary>/// 编号/// </summary>public int ID { get; set; }/// <summary>/// 名称/// </summary>public string Name { get; set; }/// <summary>/// 创建时间/// </summary>public DateTime? CreateTime { get; set; }
}

3. List与XML互转

/// <summary>
/// List与XML互转
/// </summary>
public static void ListToXmlTest()
{//获取用户列表List<UserInfo> userList = GetUserList();//实体转换XMLstring xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(userList);//XML转实体List<UserInfo> deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<List<UserInfo>>(xmlResult);
}/// <summary>
/// 获取用户信息列表
/// </summary>
public static List<UserInfo> GetUserList()
{List<UserInfo> userList = new List<UserInfo>();userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 1, Name = "张三", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "李四", CreateTime = DateTime.Now });userList.Add(new UserInfo() { ID = 2, Name = "王五" });return userList;
}

3-1 生成的Xml结果如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<ArrayOfUserInfo xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"><UserInfo><ID>1</ID><Name>张三</Name><CreateTime>2018-10-04T15:59:53.7761027+08:00</CreateTime></UserInfo><UserInfo><ID>2</ID><Name>李四</Name><CreateTime>2018-10-04T15:59:54.9571044+08:00</CreateTime></UserInfo><UserInfo><ID>2</ID><Name>王五</Name><CreateTime xsi:nil="true" /></UserInfo>
</ArrayOfUserInfo>

4. DataTable与XML互转

/// <summary>
/// DataTable与XML互转
/// </summary>
public static void DataTableToXmlTest()
{//创建DataTable对象DataTable dt = CreateDataTable();//DataTable转XMLstring xmlResult = XmlSerializeHelper.XmlSerialize(dt);//XML转DataTableDataTable deResult = XmlSerializeHelper.DESerializer<DataTable>(xmlResult);
}/// <summary>
/// 创建DataTable对象
/// </summary>
public static DataTable CreateDataTable()
{//创建DataTableDataTable dt = new DataTable("NewDt");//创建自增长的ID列DataColumn dc = dt.Columns.Add("ID", Type.GetType("System.Int32"));dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Name", Type.GetType("System.String")));dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("CreateTime", Type.GetType("System.DateTime")));//创建数据DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();dr["ID"] = 1;dr["Name"] = "张三";dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;dt.Rows.Add(dr);dr = dt.NewRow();dr["ID"] = 2;dr["Name"] = "李四";dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;dt.Rows.Add(dr);dr = dt.NewRow();dr["ID"] = 3;dr["Name"] = "王五";dr["CreateTime"] = DateTime.Now;dt.Rows.Add(dr);return dt;
}

4-1 生成的Xml结果如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<DataTable><xs:schema id="NewDataSet" xmlns="" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata"><xs:element name="NewDataSet" msdata:IsDataSet="true" msdata:MainDataTable="NewDt" msdata:UseCurrentLocale="true"><xs:complexType><xs:choice minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"><xs:element name="NewDt"><xs:complexType><xs:sequence><xs:element name="ID" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" /><xs:element name="Name" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0" /><xs:element name="CreateTime" type="xs:dateTime" minOccurs="0" /></xs:sequence></xs:complexType></xs:element></xs:choice></xs:complexType></xs:element></xs:schema><diffgr:diffgram xmlns:msdata="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-msdata" xmlns:diffgr="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xml-diffgram-v1"><DocumentElement><NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt1" msdata:rowOrder="0" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted"><ID>1</ID><Name>张三</Name><CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime></NewDt><NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt2" msdata:rowOrder="1" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted"><ID>2</ID><Name>李四</Name><CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime></NewDt><NewDt diffgr:id="NewDt3" msdata:rowOrder="2" diffgr:hasChanges="inserted"><ID>3</ID><Name>王五</Name><CreateTime>2018-10-04T16:06:10.8004082+08:00</CreateTime></NewDt></DocumentElement></diffgr:diffgram>
</DataTable>