LNMP网站框架搭建(编译安装的方式)
1. Nginx的工作原理
php-fpm.conf 是控制php-fpm守护进程的
php.ini是php解析器
工作进程:
1.客户端通过域名进行请求访问时,会找Nginx对应的虚拟主机
2. Nginx对该请求进行判断,如果是静态请求,Nginx会自行处理,并将处理结果返回给用户浏览器3. Nginx判断的请求如果为php请求,则调用FastCGI客户端,并且把请求也抛给FastCGI服务器,也就是php-fpm(扩展名是php的往后抛)
4. wapper调用php解析器来解析请求,如果发现这个请求里要连接数据库,就会在数据库中找数据。如果不需要找数据就是正常的动态请求。处理完毕后将数据返回给Nginx即可。
2.Nginx编译安装安装
准备好本次的安装包:nginx-1.22.0
1、安装依赖包
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make2、创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx3、编译安装
cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure \\
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \\
--user=nginx \\
--group=nginx \\
--with-http_stub_status_modulemake && make install4、优化路径
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/5、添加 Nginx 系统服务
vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetchmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
3.mysql的编译安装
准备好本次的安装包 :mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
1、安装Mysql环境依赖包
yum -y install \\
ncurses \\
ncurses-devel \\
bison \\
cmake2、创建运行用户
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql3、编译安装
cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gzcd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \\
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \\
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \\
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \\
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \\
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \\
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \\
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \\
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \\
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \\
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \\
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1make && make install4、修改mysql 配置文件
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf6、设置路径环境变量
echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile7、初始化数据库
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \\
--initialize-insecure \\
--user=mysql \\
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \\
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data8、添加mysqld系统服务
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld9、修改mysql 的登录密码
mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"10、授权远程登录
mysql -u root -pgrant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
4.php的编译安装
本次使用的php软件包为:php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
1、安装环境依赖包
yum -y install gd \\
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \\
libpng libpng-devel \\
freetype freetype-devel \\
libxml2 libxml2-devel \\
zlib zlib-devel \\
curl curl-devel \\
openssl openssl-devel2、编译安装
cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2cd php-7.1.10
./configure \\
--prefix=/usr/local/php \\
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \\
--with-mysqli \\
--with-zlib \\
--with-curl \\
--with-gd \\
--with-jpeg-dir \\
--with-png-dir \\
--with-freetype-dir \\
--with-openssl \\
--enable-fpm \\
--enable-mbstring \\
--enable-xml \\
--enable-session \\
--enable-ftp \\
--enable-pdo \\
--enable-tokenizer \\
--enable-zipmake && make install3、路径优化
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/4、调整PHP配置文件
php有三个配置文件:
php.ini 主配置文件
php-fpm.conf 进程服务配置文件
www.conf 扩展配置文件#调整主配置文件:
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
--1170行--修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
--939行--取消注释,修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghaiphp -m #验证安装的模块#调整进程服务配置文件:
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
--17行--去掉";"注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid#调整扩展配置文件:
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf5、启动php-fpm
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000#PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager:FastCGI 进程管理器)是一个 PHPFastCGI 管理器, 由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面,需要由 Nginx 把动态请求交给 php-fpm 进程进行解析。cd /opt/php-7.1.10/sapi/fpm
cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service
systemctl restart php-fpm.service6、配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
--65行--取消注释,修改
location ~ \\.php$ {root html;fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; #将 /scripts 修改为nginx的工作目录#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; #$document_root 代表当前请求在root指令中指定的值include fastcgi_params;
}systemctl restart nginx.service
配置 Nginx 支持 PHP 解析
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
验证PHP与nginx的是否连接
验证PHP 测试页
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
浏览器访问
http://192.168.50.15/index.php
验证lnmp的是否搭建成功
验证数据库工作是否正常
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php #替换原来的测试页内容
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.50.13','bbsuser','admin123');
if($link) echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else echo "Fail!!";
?>
浏览器访问
http://192.168.50.13/index.php