Springboot + MySQL+ JPA Ⅲ delete方法详解
一、deleteById(Id id) 和 delete(T entity)
deleteById源码（通过id进行删除）
@Transactional
@Override
public void deleteById(ID id) {Assert.notNull(id, ID_MUST_NOT_BE_NULL);delete(findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new EmptyResultDataAccessException(String.format("No %s entity with id %s exists!", entityInformation.getJavaType(), id), 1)));
}
复制代码delete源码（通过实体对象进行删除）
@Override
@Transactional
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void delete(T entity) {Assert.notNull(entity, "Entity must not be null!");if (entityInformation.isNew(entity)) {return;}Class<?> type = ProxyUtils.getUserClass(entity);T existing = (T) em.find(type, entityInformation.getId(entity));// if the entity to be deleted doesn't exist, delete is a NOOPif (existing == null) {return;}em.remove(em.contains(entity) ? entity : em.merge(entity));
}
复制代码一目了然了吧！deleteById先在方法体内通过id求出entity对象，然后调用了delete的方法。也就是说，这两个方法同根同源，使用起来差距不大，结果呢？也是一样的，就是单条删除。实际使用中呢，也是使用deleteById的情况比较多，废话少说，try it。
Service层中添加deleteById方法（deleteById是三方件自带接口不需要在dao层中添加）
@Transactional
public void deleteById(Integer id){userDao.deleteById(id);
}
复制代码control层
/*** 通过id进行删除数据* @param id*/
@GetMapping("/deleteById")
public void deleteById(Integer id){userService.deleteById(id);
}
复制代码浏览器测试成功 http://localhost:7777/deleteById?id=2
控制台打印了两行sql，如下：
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
复制代码由此可见，先通过select看看实体对象是否存在，然后再通过id进行删除！
二、deleteAllById(Iterable<? extends ID> ids) 和 deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities)
deleteAllById(Iterable<? extends ID> ids)（通过id进行批量删除）
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllById(Iterable<? extends ID> ids) {Assert.notNull(ids, "Ids must not be null!");for (ID id : ids) {deleteById(id);}
}
复制代码通过源码可以看出，就是遍历ids然后循环调用上面的deleteById(Id id)方法。
deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities)（通过实体对象进行批量删除）
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities) {Assert.notNull(entities, "Entities must not be null!");for (T entity : entities) {delete(entity);}
}
复制代码这个呢？也就是遍历entities然后循环调用上面的delete(T entity)方法
还有一个不传参数的deleteAll()方法来删除所有数据（慎用）
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAll() {for (T element : findAll()) {delete(element);}
}
复制代码就是通过findAll求出所有实体对象然后循环调用delete方法
综上所述，我们发现以上所有的删除事件都是调用了delete(T entity)方法，也就是差距不是很大，就是单条 和多条删除的区别。
让我们来测试一下多条删除的场景：
Service层中添加deleteAllById方法（deleteAllById是三方件自带接口不需要在dao层中添加）
@Transactional
public void deleteAllById(Iterable ids){userDao.deleteAllById(ids);
}
复制代码control层
/*** 通过id进行批量删除* @param ids*/
@GetMapping("/deleteAllById")
public void deleteAllById(Integer[] ids){userService.deleteAllById(Arrays.asList(ids));
}
复制代码浏览器测试成功 http://localhost:7777/deleteAllById?id=3,4
删除前：
删除后：
控制台打印如下：
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.age as age2_0_0_, user0_.name as name3_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
Hibernate: delete from user where id=?
复制代码由此可以看出，数据是一条一条的进行了删除。
三、deleteAllInBatch(Iterable entities)和deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable ids)
deleteAllInBatch(Iterable entities)源码（通过实体对象进行批量删除）
public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING = "delete from %s x";@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllInBatch(Iterable<T> entities) {Assert.notNull(entities, "Entities must not be null!");if (!entities.iterator().hasNext()) {return;}applyAndBind(getQueryString(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName()), entities, em).executeUpdate();
}
复制代码/*** Creates a where-clause referencing the given entities and appends it to the given query string. Binds the given* entities to the query.** @param <T> type of the entities.* @param queryString must not be {@literal null}.* @param entities must not be {@literal null}.* @param entityManager must not be {@literal null}.* @return Guaranteed to be not {@literal null}.*/public static <T> Query applyAndBind(String queryString, Iterable<T> entities, EntityManager entityManager) {Assert.notNull(queryString, "Querystring must not be null!");Assert.notNull(entities, "Iterable of entities must not be null!");Assert.notNull(entityManager, "EntityManager must not be null!");Iterator<T> iterator = entities.iterator();if (!iterator.hasNext()) {return entityManager.createQuery(queryString);}String alias = detectAlias(queryString);StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(queryString);builder.append(" where");int i = 0;while (iterator.hasNext()) {iterator.next();builder.append(String.format(" %s = ?%d", alias, ++i));if (iterator.hasNext()) {builder.append(" or");}}Query query = entityManager.createQuery(builder.toString());iterator = entities.iterator();i = 0;while (iterator.hasNext()) {query.setParameter(++i, iterator.next());}return query;
}
复制代码通过上面的源码，我们大体能猜测出deleteAllInBatch(Iterable entities)的实现原理：delete from %s where x=? or x=?
实际测试一下：http://localhost:7777/deleteAllInBatch?ids=14,15,16&names=a,b,c&ages=0,0,0
控制台打印如下：
Hibernate: delete from user where id=? or id=? or id=?
复制代码deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable ids)源码（通过ids批量删除）
public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_BY_ID_STRING = "delete from %s x where %s in :ids";@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable<ID> ids) {Assert.notNull(ids, "Ids must not be null!");if (!ids.iterator().hasNext()) {return;}if (entityInformation.hasCompositeId()) {List<T> entities = new ArrayList<>();// generate entity (proxies) without accessing the database.ids.forEach(id -> entities.add(getReferenceById(id)));deleteAllInBatch(entities);} else {String queryString = String.format(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_BY_ID_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName(),entityInformation.getIdAttribute().getName());Query query = em.createQuery(queryString);/*** Some JPA providers require {@code ids} to be a {@link Collection} so we must convert if it's not already.*/if (Collection.class.isInstance(ids)) {query.setParameter("ids", ids);} else {Collection<ID> idsCollection = StreamSupport.stream(ids.spliterator(), false).collect(Collectors.toCollection(ArrayList::new));query.setParameter("ids", idsCollection);}query.executeUpdate();}
}
复制代码通过上面源码我们大体可以猜出deleteAllByIdInBatch(Iterable ids)的实现原理：delete from %s where id in (?,?,?)
实际测试一下：http://localhost:7777/deleteAllByIdInBatch?ids=17,18,19 控制台打印如下：
Hibernate: delete from user where id in (? , ? , ?)
复制代码这里同样有个不带参数的deleteAllInBatch()的方法，源码如下：
@Override
@Transactional
public void deleteAllInBatch() {em.createQuery(getDeleteAllQueryString()).executeUpdate();
}public static final String DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING = "delete from %s x";private String getDeleteAllQueryString() {return getQueryString(DELETE_ALL_QUERY_STRING, entityInformation.getEntityName());
}复制代码通过源码不难猜到实现原理吧，多的不说，直接给测试的控制台数据：Hibernate: delete from user
最终结论：
从上面两种删除接口来看，第二种实现比起第一种更加的快捷；第一种就是一条一条的进行删除操作，如果有万级的数据，执行起来肯定非常耗时，所以如果数据量比较大的话，还是建议大家使用第二种。